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大学英语四级真题试卷
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritea
shouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.
1.一次性塑料袋的使用
2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题
3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义
LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBag
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15
minutes)
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthe
passagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices
marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformation
giveninthepassage.
That,senough,kids
ItwasalovelydayattheparkandStellaBianchiwasenjoyingthe
sunshinewithhertwochildrenwhenayoungboy,agedaboutfour,
approachedhertwo-year-oldsonandpushedhimtotheground.
"I'dwatchedhimforalittlewhileandmysonwasthefourthor
fifthchildhe'dshoved,“shesays."Iwentovertothem,pickedupmy
son,turnedtotheboyandsaid,firmly,'N。，wedon'tpush,“What
happenednextwasunexpected.
“Theboy'smotherrantowardmefromacrossthepark,“Stella
says,“Ithoughtshewascomingovertoapologize,butinsteadshe
startedshoutingatmefordiscipliningherchild,AllIdidwaslethim
herkiddidwhateverhewanted,hurtingotherchildrenintheprocess?”
withotherpeople'schildrenhasbecomeaminefield.
tdoitatthree,whencanyoudoit?”
Eachofthesephilosophiesisvalidand,ithastobesaid,myson
dangerousterritorywhenyou'retalkingtothechildrenoffriendsor
acquaintances.
“Kidsaren,tallraisedthesame,“agreesProfessorNaomiWhite
soifyou'resayingthatmychildisbehavinginappropriately,thenthat'
ssomehowacriticismofme.”
Inthosecircumstances,itJsdifficulttoknowwhethertoapproach
'Tdgotothechildfirst,“saysAndrewFuller,authorofTrickyKids.
navefinelytunedantennae（直觉）forhowtobehaveindifferent
settings.”
Hepointsoutbringingitupwiththeparentfirstmaymakethem
childfirstcanbringitsownheadaches,too.
ThisiswhyWhiterecommendsthatyouapproachtheparentsfirst.
Raiseyourconcernswiththeparentsifthey'rethereandaskthemto
dealwithit/;shesays.
Askedhowtoapproachaparentinthissituation,psychologist
MeredithFulleranswers:"Explainyourneedsaswellasstressingthe
like:'Iknowyou*IIthinkI'msillybutinmyhouseIdon,twant?”'”
Whenitcomestosituationswhereyou'recaringforanotherchild,
gowell,thenhaveachat.”
acceptedfromanyadult,isnolongerappropriate,"Anewsetof
considerationshascometotheforeaspartofthedebateabouthowwe
handlechildren.”
ForAndrewFuller,thechild-centricnatureofoursocietyhas
affectedeveryone:"Therulesaredifferentnowfromwhentoday's
parentsweregrowingup/Thesays,uAdultsarescaredofsaying:'don'
therewillbeconflictiftheypointthesethingsout-eitherfromolder
children,ortheirparents.”
Heseesitasalossofthesenseofcommonpublicgoodandpublic
courtesy（礼貌）,andsaysthatadultssufferformitasmuchaschild.
MeredithFulleragrees:"Acodeofconductishardtocreatewhen
you'relivinginaworldinwhicheveryoneisexhaustedfromoverwork
andlackofsleep,andaworldinwhichnicepeopleareperceivedto
finishlast.”
"It'saboutwhatI;mdoingandwhatIneed/>AndrewFuller
parentsarecharginguptotheschooltohaveagoatteachers.
Thisjumpingtoourchildrenrsdefenseispartofwhatfuelsthe
"walkingoneggshells“feelingthatsurroundsourdealingswithother
protectiveofourkids,butisitgood?
"Childrenhavetolearntonegotiatetheworldontheirown,
withinreasonableboundaries/>Whitesays,"Isuspectthatit'sonly
certainsectorsofthepopulationdoingtherunningtotheschool-
better-educatedparentsareprobablymorelikelytobetooinvolved.M
Whitebelievesournotionsofamorechild-centered,it，awayof
talkingabouttreatingourchildrenlikecommodities（商品）.We're
themasobjectswhoseappearanceandachievementsaresomethingwe
canbeproudof,ratherthanservethebestinterestsofthechildren.”
Onewayover-worked,under-resourcedparentsshowcommitment
intervention（干预）onherson'behalfendedinanundignifiedexchange
ofinsultingwordswiththeotherboy'mother.
AsBianchiapproachedtheparkbenchwhereshe'dbeensitting,
othermumscameuptoherandcongratulatedherontakingastand.
Apparentlytheboyhadalongstandingreputationforbadbehaviour
andhismumforevenworsebehaviourifhewaschallenged.v
AndrewFullerdoesn'tbelievethatweshouldbeafraidofdealing
overinappropriatebehaviour,particularlywithregularvisitors.
whenshetalkedtohim?
A)makeanapology
B)comeovertointervene
C)disciplineherownboy
D)takeherownboyaway
children?
A)it'simportantnottohurttheminanyway
B)it'snousetryingtostoptheirwrongdoing
C)it'sadvisabletotreatthemasone,sownkids
D)it'spossibleforonetogetintolotsoftrouble
one'skidsarecriticized,theirparentswillprobably
feel.
A)discouraged
B)hurt
C)puzzled
D)overwhelmed
accordingtoAndrewfuller?
A)talktothemdirectlyinamildway
B)complaintotheirparentspolitely
C)simplyleavethemalone
D)punishthemlightly
A)parentsareworriedwhentheirkidsswearatthem
B)peoplethinkitimpropertocriticizekidsinpublic
C)peoplearereluctanttopointourkids'wrongdoings
D)manyconflictsarisebetweenparentsandtheirkids
ofsleep,.
A)it'seasyforpeopletobecomeimpatient
B)it'sdifficulttocreateacodeofconduct
C)it'simportanttobefriendlytoeverybody
D)it'shardforpeopletoadmireeachother
atschool?
A)they'dquestiontheteachers
B)they'dchargeuptotheschool
C)they'dtellthekidstoclamdown
D)They'dputtheblameontheirkids
societyshouldbe.
assomethingthey.
peopleshouldnot.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2
correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthe
centre.
11.A)Onlytruefriendshipcanlastlong.
B)Letterwritingisgoingoutofstyle.
C)Shekeepsinregulartouchwithherclassmates.
D)Shehaslostcontactwithmostofheroldfriends.
12.A)Apainter.C)Aporter.
B)Amechanic.D)Acarpenter.
13.A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.
B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.D)Rentthe$600apartment.
14.A)Hepreferstowearjeanswithalargerwaist.
B)Hehasbeenextremelybusyrecently.
C)Hehasgainedsomeweightlately.
D)HeenjoyedgoingshoppingwithJaneyesterday.
15.A)Thewomanpossessesanaturalforart.
B)Womenhaveabetterartistictastethanmen.
C)Heisn'tgoodatabstractthinking.
D)Hedoesn'tlikeabstractpaintings.
16.A)Shecouldn'thavelefthernotebookinthelibrary.
B)shemayhaveputhernotebookamidthejournals.
C)sheshouldhavemadecarefulnoteswhiledoingreading.
D)sheshouldn'thavereadhisnoteswithouthisknowingit.
17.A)shewantstogetsomesleepC)shehasaliteratureclassto
attend
B)sheneedstimetowriteapaperD)sheistroubledbyhersleep
problem
18.A)Heisconfidenthewillgetthejob.
B)Hischanceofgettingthejobisslim.
C)ltisn'teasytofindaqualifiedsalesmanager.
D)Theinterviewdidn'tgoaswellasheexpected.
Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust
heard.
19.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.
B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.
C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.
D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.
20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.
B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.
C)Contactingitsmanager.
D)Searchingitswebsite.
21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.
B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.
C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.
D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees?resources.
Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust
heard.
22.A)Buyatractor.
B)Fixahouse.
C)Seeapieceofproperty.
D)Singabusinesscontract.
23.A)Itisonlyfortymilesformwheretheylive.
B)ltisasmallonewithatwo-bedroomhouse.
C)ltwasalargegardenwithfreshvegetables.
D)lthasalargegardenwithfreshvegetables.
24.A)Growingpotatoeswillinvolvelesslabor.
B)ltssoilmaynotbeverysuitableforcorn.
C)ltmaynotbebigenoughforraisingcorn.
DjRaisingpotatoeswillbemoreprofitable.
25.A)Finances
B)Equipment
C)Labor
D)Profits
ectionB
choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and
[D].ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle
linethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
26A)Tointroducethechiefofthecity'spoliceforce
B)Tocommentonatalkbyadistinguishedguest
C)Toaddresstheissueofcommunitysecurity
D)Toexplainthefunctionsofthecitycouncil
27A)Hehasdistinguishedhimselfincitymanagement
B)HeisheadoftheInternationalPoliceForce
C)Hecompletedhishighereducationabroad
D)Heholdsamaster'sdegreeincriminology
28A)Tocoordinateworkamongpolicedepartments
B)Togetpoliceofficersclosertothelocalpeople
C)Tohelptheresidentsintimesofemergency
D)Toenablethepolicetotakepromptaction
29A)Popular
B)discouraging
C)effective
Djcontroversial
PassageTwo
Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
30A)peoplediffergreatlyintheirabilitytocommunicate
B)therearenumerouslanguagesinexistence
C)Mostpubliclanguagesareinherentlyvague
D)Biggapsexistbetweenprivateandpubliclanguages
31A)itisasignofhumanintelligence
B)inimproveswithconstantpractice
C)itissomethingwearebornwith
D)itvariesfrompersontoperson
32A)howprivatelanguagesaredeveloped
B)howdifferentlanguagesarerelated
C)howpeoplecreatetheirlanguages
D)howchildrenlearntouselanguage
PassageThree
Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
33A)shewasatailor
B)shewasanengineer
C)shewasaneducator
D)shewasapublicspeaker
34.A)Basingthemonscience-fictionmovies.
B)Includinginterestingexamplesinthem
C)Adjustingthemtodifferentaudiences
D)Focusingonthelatestprogressinspacescience
35.A)Whetherspacemencarryweapons
B)Howspacesuitsprotectspacemen
C)HowNASAtrainsitsspacemen
D)Whatspacemencatanddrink
ectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.
Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyfor
requiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexact
eitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemain
time,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
(36)willcontinuethroughthenextfewdecades.
Crimerateshavealwaysbeenhighinmulticultural,industrialized
societiessuchastheUnitedStates,butanew(37)hasappearedon
theworld(38)rapidlyrisingcrimeratesinnationsthatpreviously
reportedfew(39).Streetcrimessuchasrobbery,rape(40)__and
autotheftareclearlyrising(41)___ineasternEuropeancountriessuchas
HungaryandinwesternEuropeannationssuchastheunitedKingdom.
Whatisdrivingthiscrime(42)?Therearenosimpleanswers.
StilLtherearecertainconditions(43)withrisingcrimeincreasing
heterogeneityG昆杂)ofpopulations,greaterculturalpluralism,higher
immigration,democratizationofgovernment,(44)
instance,culturesthatwerepreviouslyisolatedandhomogeneous(同种
类的),suchasJapan,DenmarkandGreece
(45).
Multiculturalismcanbearewarding,enrichingexperience,butit
ruleinthetwenty-firstcentury,and(46).
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)
SectionA
havebooks,andtherighttypeofbook,forthesatisfactionoftheirneed.
Readersturn48tobooksbecausetheircuriosityconcerning
allmannersofthings,theireagernesstoshareintheexperiencesof
othersandtheirneedto49fromtheirownlimited
environmentleadthemtofindinbooksfoodforthemindandthespirit.
Throughtheirreadingtheyfindadeepersignificancetolifeasbooks
presentedwitha_50ofhumanexperiencesandcometo51
relationshipsandresponsestolife,thereadersoftenfindthatthe
53_intheirstoriesaregoingthroughsimilaradjustments,which
helptoclarifyandgivesignificancetotheirown.
Booksprovide54materialforreaders'imaginationto
theiroutlook,developafact-findingattitudeandtrainthemtouse
readers,bookscannotbeoverestimatedinanacademiclibrary.
SectionB
therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Youshoulddecideon
thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2
withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Ifyouareamaleandyouarereadingthiscongratulations:youare
ofskincancerthanawoman,andninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.
Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyournaturalterm,about78yearsfor
meninAustralia,youwilldieonaveragefiveyearsbeforeawoman.
Therearemanyreasonsforthis-typically,mentakemorerisksthan
womanandaremorelikelytodrinkandsmokebutperhapsmore
importantly,mendon'tgotothedoctor.
“Menaren'tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshould,“saysDr.
Gullotta,“Thisisparticularlysofortheover-40s,whendiseasestendto
strike.
GuHottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctoreveryyearor
TwomonthsagoGuHottasawa50-year-oldmawhohaddelayed
doinganythingabouthissmoker'scoughforayear.
“WhenIfinallysawhimithadalreadyspreadandhehassince
diedfromlungcancer^hesays,Earlierdetectionandtreatmentmay
nothavecuredhim,butitwouldhaveprolongedthislife”
Accordingtoarecentsurvey,95%ofwomenagedbetween15and
early40sseeadoctoronceayear,comparedto70%ofmeninthesame
agegroup.
“Alotofmenthinktheyareinvincible（不可战胜的）“Gullotta
says“Theyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourse
andtheythink"Geez,ifitcouldhappentohim.
Thenthereistheostrichapproach/'somemenarescaredofwhat
“Mostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservice
affectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.
Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrainonthe
publicpurse,Cartmillsays."Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrun
itiscalledprematuredeath.”
beginningofthepassage?
diefiveyearsearlieronaveragethanwomen?
couldhappentohim…'(Iine2,para,8)?
(lineqpara.9)?
PassageTwo
Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
High-qualitycustomerserviceispreached（宣扬）bymany,but
actuallykeepingcustomershappyiseasiersaidthandone
Shoppersseldomcomplaintothemanagerorownerofaretail
store,butinsteadwillalerttheirfriends,relatives,co-workers,
strangers-andanyonewhowilllisten.
Storemanagersareoftenthelasttohearcomplaints,andoftenfind
outonlywhentheirregularcustomersdecidetfrequenttheir
competitors,accordingtoastudyjointlyconductedbyVerdegroupand
Whartonschool
"Storytellinghurtsretailersandentertainsconsumers/,saidPaula
Courtney,PresidentoftheVerdegroup."thestorelosesthecustomer,
buttheshoppermustalsofindareplacement.v
Onaverage,everyunhappycustomerwillcomplaintoatleastfour
other,andwillnolongervisitthespecificstoreforeverydissatisfied
resultingusnowballeffect“canbedisastroustoretailers.
Accordingtotheresearch,shopperswhopurchasedclothing
encounteredthemostproblems,rankedsecondandthirdweregrocery
andelectronicscustomers.
Themostcommoncomplaintsincludefilledparkinglots,cluttered
（塞满了的）shelves,overloadedracks,out-of-stockitems,longcheck-out
lines,andrudesalespeople.
Duringpeakshoppinghours,someretailerssolvedtheparking
problemsbygettingmoonlighting（业余兼职的）localpolicetoworkas
parkingspaces.
Thisguidanceeliminatedtheneedforcustomerstocirclethe
parkinglotendlessly,andavoidedconfrontationbetweenthoseeyeing
thesameparkingspace.
Retailerscanrelievetheheadachesbyredesigningstorelayouts,
pre-stockingsalesitems,hiringspeedyandexperiencedcashiers,and
havingsalesrepresentativesonhandtoanswerquestions.
Mostimportantly,salespeopleshouldbediplomaticandpolitewith
angrycustomers.
Retailerswho'reresponsiveandfriendlyaremorelikelyto
StephenHoch."Maybesomethingassimpleasagreeteratthestore
entrancewouldhelp.”
Customerscanalsoimprovefutureshoppingexperiencesbyfiling
complaintstotheretailer,insteadofcomplainingtotherestoftheworld.
Retailersarehard-pressedtoimprovewhentheyhavenoideawhatis
wrong.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
AMostcustomerswon'tbothertocomplaineveniftheyhavehad
unhappyexperiences.
BCustomerswouldratherrelatetheirunhappyexperiencesto
peoplearoundthem.
CFewcustomersbelievetheservicewillbeimproved.
DCustomershavenoeasyaccesstostoremanagers.
mustalsofindareplacement”(Line2,Para.4)?
ANewcustomersareboundtoreplaceoldones.
BItisnotlikelytheshoppercanfindthesameproductsinother
stores.
CMoststoresprovidethesame
DNotcomplainingtothemanagercausestheshoppersome
troubletoo.
attendantssothatshoppers.
Acanstaylongerbrowsinginthestore
Bwon'thavetroubleparkingtheircars
Cwon'thaveanyworriesaboutsecurity
Dcanfindtheircarseasilyaftershopping
customers?
AMannersofthesalespeople
BHiringofefficientemployees
CHugesupplyofgoodsforsale
DDesignofthestorelayout.
to.
Aexertpressureonstorestoimprovetheirservice
Bsettletheirdisputeswithstoresinadiplomaticway
Cvoicetheirdissatisfactiontostoremanagersdirectly
Dshoparoundandmakecomparisonsbetweenstores
PartVCloze(15minutes)
blanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ontherightside
ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline
throughthecentre.
PlayingorganizedsportsissuchacommonexperienceintheUnited
especiallytrue_67_childrenfromfamiliesandcommunitiesthathave
theresourcesneededtoorganizeand_68_sportsprogramsandmake
low-incomefamiliesandpoor
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